"The Politics of Technology for an African Renaissance"

This brief paper describes "a framework for grouping various technological views into non-exclusive groupings in relation to the idea of control or power, humanity and nature, culture and development, and the idea of values and meanings. These views can perhaps be arbitrarily grouped into seven varieties, with no clear boundaries:

(1) - The Instrumentalist / Utilitarian / Functionalist Views
(2) - The Determinist / Autonomist / Fatalist Views
(3) - The Essentialist / Substantivist / Fundamentalist Views
(4) - The Luddist / Rejectionist / Technophobic Views
(5) - The Environmentalist / Naturalist / Romantic Views
(6) - The Pre-Modernist / Traditionalist / Preservationist Views
(7) - The Constructivist / Voluntarist / Idealistic Views/"

Jacques L. Hamel, Economic Commission for Africa, undated.