Sunday, July 13, 2008

Conservatism: Different Ideas Linked with Common Word

There seem to be a number of different ideologies that are commonly lumped under the term "conservativism" in the United States.
  • Constitutional conservatism, which I think of as a concern that the Courts not substitute their opinion for the legislative mandate, that the executive branch does not ignore the Constitutional separation of powers, that the legislature not legislate beyond Constitutionally authorized limits (and I suppose that the Constitution not be amended lightly). This holds that the rights not given specifically to the federal government by the Constitution be reserved to the states and people.
  • Fiscal conservatism, looking for a balanced government budgets, restrained growth of the money supply, constrained inflation, an avoidance of excessive government debt.
  • Social conservatism, which seems to be a focus on traditional social values, especially those of the group from which the social conservative comes (notably for the religious right).
  • Business conservatism, which I guess has changed over time, from a focus on enabling small businesses to one in support of the interests of large firms.
  • Note also the relationship between "Conservatism" and "Conservationism", and I suppose an linkage going back to Teddy Roosevelt Republicans in which the conservative party sought to protect the environment -- a linkage that seems to be broken in the modern Republican party.
My point is that important differences can be hidden behind a common word. Lots of people who would support Constitutional conservatism might object to Christian Conservative Soclal Conservatism. So too, lots of social liberals might object to liberal interpretation of the Constitution. Let us hope that people not vote for candidates with diametrically opposed views to their own due to misunderstanding of labels.

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